The first operational unit that was to be equipped with the Me 163 was the Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 20./JG 1 located at Bad Zwischenahn. To increase the firepower these would be replaced with the stronger 30 mm MK 108 cannons. As a result, enemy fighters hit the first force, landed, rearmed, refueled, and then engaged the delayed second force. [acesflyinghigh.wordpress.com]Bad weather, lack of fuel and the rapid Allied advance on the West and East temporarily stopped all Me 163 combat operations. Preserved photographs seem to indicate that these precautions were not always strictly adhered to. She managed to land the aircraft but was badly wounded and was placed in a hospital for some time. ", [Aerial view of Messerschmitt factory in Regensburg, Germany after aerial bombing], The James C. Stewart Fighter Ace Collection/The Museum of Flight, The James C. Stewart Fighter Ace Collection (2002-02-13.1098), Box 1, Folder 11, Series I - Photographic materials, circa 1930s-1969, Box: 1, Folder: 11 - Aerial photographs, circa 1942-1945. It was estimated by RLM (Reichsluftfahrtministerium Ministry of Aviation) officials that, after the first batch of 70 aircraft was built, it would take some 7 months to actually begin mass production of fully operational aircraft. Although the raid caused heavy damage at both factories, 60 of the 376 bombersabout 1 in 6 of those dispatchedwere shot down and more than 600 Airmen were killed, missing, or captured. plane 4 1/2 hours after the plant had been attacked by B-17's of the 8th A.F. On occasion, there were accidents involving this system, when, for example, the dolly refused to release from the aircraft, or even worse, it could bounce off the ground and strike the aircraft from below. During refueling, the ground and the aircraft had to be sprayed with large amounts of water. On that day, another accident led to the death of a pilot and the loss of yet another aircraft. It also used special fuel that was specially designed for it, and thus there was no need for allocating the vital German fuel reserves to it. These initial training flights were carried out using two-seater gliders. Etwa 500 KZ-Hftlinge wurden in KZ-Auenlager Plattling als Zwangsarbeiter bei der Errichtung eines Testflughafens eingesetzt. Juli 1936 wurde als Tochtergesellschaft der Messerschmitt AG Augsburg die Bayerische Flugzeugwerke Regensburg GmbH gegrndet. [27] All the factories except Kugelfischer had extensive fire damage to machinery when incendiaries ignited the machine oil used in the manufacturing process. The German force had not been prepared for this contingency, but they were also in the process of re-arming to meet the Schweinfurt force, then forming over East Anglia. Die Zahl der Mitarbeiter wuchs von 6.429 Ende 1941 auf ca. Since World War I aircraft were largely built from wood to keep their weight down, BFW was equipped with the very latest joinery plant. In order to enter his flight position, the pilot used a small ladder placed on the left side of the aircraft. Pointblank operations in April and July 1943 had concentrated solely on the production of the Fw 190 at factories in Bremen, Kassel, and Oschersleben, and although serious losses to the bomber forces had occurred, the attacks had been successful enough to warrant attacking those manufacturing Messerschmitt Bf 109s. One of the first designs, the Messerschmitt M20, was a near-catastrophe for the designer and the company. It was only organizational changes and more intensive supervision of the assembly line that succeeded in resolving these problems by the end of 1916. Nach der Machtergreifung der NSDAP ergaben sich jedoch neue Mglichkeiten zur Ansiedlung von Industriebetrieben in Regensburg, denn in dem von der neuen Hitler-Regierung am 18. The original mission date of August 7 could not be met because of bad weather, and the B-24s flew Operation Juggler on August 13 without participation by the Eighth Air Force, which was still hampered by unacceptable weather conditions. On Aug. 17, the targets were Schweinfurt (against the ball-bearing plants) and Regensburg (against the Messerschmitt fighter factory), deep inside Germany. About half of those became prisoners of war and 20 were interned. Woods, "Combat Claims and Casualties", 17 August 43, "Ramrod 206 Part III" and "Ramrod 206 Part IV", p.111-112. The end of the war hit BFW hard, since military demand for aircraft collapsed. The number of prisoners working for Messerschmitt increased greatly after the bombing of Messerschmitt's Regensburg plant on 17 August 1943. . [. [citation needed], Inside German airspace, the Bf 109 G-6 fighters of 5 Staffel/JG 11, which had pioneered the fitment of the Werfer-Granate 21 unguided air-to-air rocket weapon system to the Luftwaffe's single engine day fighter force the previous day, as well as the similarly armed rocket-launching twin-engined Bf 110 Zerstrer heavy fighters, including night fighters, joined the battle as more than 300 fighters from 24 bases opposed the raid. Die Zwangsarbeiter waren in einem Gebude mitten in der Stadt untergebracht, das als Auenlager des KZ Flossenbrg gefhrt wurde. One could be found in the Australian War Memorial in Canberra, and one in the Canada Aviation and Space Museum in Ottawa. To continue the training of pilots, the whole operation was temporarily moved to Brieg on the Oder. Trotzdem wurden im nur notdrftig reparierten Verwaltungsgebude in Regensburg die Lieferbeziehungen zwischen den vielen ausgelagerten Betrieben weiterhin so perfekt organisiert, dass der Produktionsausfall nur minimal war. The one captured by the Soviets existence is currently unclear. The following May, the firm acquired Hamburger Flugzeugbau (HFB). On the 11th of September, a single Me 163 attacked and destroyed a lone B-17. The pilot in this picture is Heini Dittmar was a vital test pilot for the whole Me 163 project. While the Mk 108 had sufficient firepower to outright destroy or heavily damage enemy aircraft, it was plagued with low velocity. At that time, the size of both units was to be increased to 14 instead of 12 operational aircraft. The actual responsibility of building these was given to Messerschmitt production plants at Regensburg with assembly at Obertraubling. However anti-aircraft fire ("flak") was light over Regensburg and visibility clear, and of the remaining 131 bombers, 126 dropped 298.75 tons of bombs on the fighter aircraft factories with a high degree of accuracy at 11:43 British time. For example, while the Me 163 was cheap, due to many reasons it was never produced in any sufficient numbers to cause any serious threat to the Allies. Messerschmitt Kabinenroller in Heidelberg .Source On the 16th of August, five Me 163 attacked a group of B-17s, and even managed to shoot down two of the bombers. Of the two groups of P-47s (87 aircraft) tasked to escort the force to the German border, only one arrived at the rendezvous point on time, covering only the lead wing, and the second arrived fifteen minutes late. First wave of attack. [11] The 1st Bombardment Wing, following it, would turn northeast and bomb the ball-bearing factories of Schweinfurt (where almost the entire production of bearings was centralized) and by doing so catch German fighter aircraft on the ground re-arming and refueling. As a result, the Eighth Air Force was unable to follow up immediately with a second attack that might have seriously crippled German industry. Few more are in the USA Flying Heritage Collection, National Museum of the USAF, and Smithsonian National Air and Space Museums. [warbirdphotographs.com]The Scheuchschlepper essentially fulfilled two roles. I've googled, checked out Amazon.com and Amazon.de (Germany), and the Wikipedia. Z-Stoff would later be replaced with C-Stoff, which was a mix of methyl alcohol, hydrazine hydrate, and water. At this stage, the Germans were replacing the R II 209 rocket engines with the modified RII 211. To successfully complete its portion of the attack, the Eighth Air Force decided to attack a target in central Germany as well as Regensburg to divide and confuse German air defenses. While generally successful, during sharp maneuvers at a speed of some 800 km/h, the ammunition belts proved prone to malfunction. Milch still prevented Messerschmitt's takeover of the BFW until 1938, hence the designation "Bf" of early Messerschmitt designs. To split the German defense, these raids were supposed to occur simultaneously, with the Regensburg force landing at airfields in North Africa. Thank you. Each wing found increasingly heavy smoke from preceding bomb explosions a hindrance to accuracy. Mission 84 planning indicated a takeoff window from dawn (approximately 06:30 British Double Summer Time) to approximately 08:00 without cancelling the mission. It was also the first American shuttle mission, in which all or part of a mission landed at a different field and later bombed another target before returning to its base. All visitors may be screened with a metal detector upon entry. The production of Me 163 was initially allocated to the Messerschmitt Regensburg factory. In reality, this backfired, as it caused huge confusion and chaos with the delivery of parts, and poor quality in production. I model WWII Luftwaffe aircraft (1/72nd scale) and European Model Railways (HO scale). In addition the mission length for the Regensburg force was anticipated to be of eleven hours' duration, so that commanders had only a 90-minute "window" in which to launch the mission and still allow the 4th Bombardment Wing B-17s to reach North Africa in daylight. Once the first prototype was available, it was flight-tested as a glider by Heini Dittmar in late June, or May of 1942, depending on the source. Although the A.P. Fr die bentigten qualifizierten Messerschmitt-Arbeiter und Angestellten waren jedoch Werkswohnungen erforderlich, die auf Kosten der Messerschmitt GmbH umgehend errichtet werden mussten. An official website of the United States government, National Museum of the United States Air Force, As a result, enemy fighters hit the first force, landed, rearmed, refueled, and then engaged the delayed second force. This weapon consisted of five rockets usually placed under each wing, but on the Me 163 it was actually mounted vertically in the wings. Schon vor der Machtergreifung der NSDAP (Januar 1933) und vor der putschartigen bernahme des Brgermeisteramtes in Regensburg durch den Arzt Otto Schottenheim (Mrz 1933), befand sich die Stadt Regensburg in einer wirtschaftlich desolaten Lage. In addition, the Germans planned for the Me 163 to be positioned at a series of auxiliary airfields along Allied bomber routes. Founded in 1999. [citation needed], On 6 June 1968, Messerschmitt AG merged with the small civil engineering and civil aviation firm Blkow, becoming Messerschmitt-Blkow. Initially, in the three-wheel configuration, it was to tow the Me 163 along the airfield, using its own dolly, to a designated takeoff position on the airfield (upper picture). Given its small size and limited overall weight, the onboard batteries had a limited capacity. Today at least several Me 163 are known to still exist. . Found this aerial photo of the Regensburg site. The delays with the construction of auxiliary support buildings on this airfield meant that crew training could not begin until October 1943. - Coolers Aboard aircraft that safely returned to base, 7 aircrew were killed, with another 21 wounded. To split the German defense, these raids were supposed to occur simultaneously, with the Regensburg force landing at airfields in North Africa. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. During negotiations between Japanese and German military officials, it was agreed to hand over to Japan a production license for many weapons including the Me 163 and Me 262. Due to a steadily increasing threat from Allied bombers, the Messerschmitt aircraft company moved parts of the factory from Regensburg in October 1943. Ultimately, for the main production version, the HWK (Helmuth Walter Kiel) 109-509A rocket engine was chosen. Heute ist das Gelnde komplett neu berbaut und an das frhere Flugzeugwerk erinnern nur noch die Namen mancher Straen, die nach Luftfahrtpionieren benannt sind. The first Me 163B-0 series aircraft began to arrive from May 1944. Everyone who flew the mission stressed the importance of the escorts in reducing losses; the planners grasped only that Schweinfurt would have to be bombed again, soon, in another deep-penetration, unescorted mission.[6]. The sources give different numbers, for example, most state around 400 of all models, of which some 370 were estimated to be of B-version, were built by the wars end. Previously, because of this large number of groups, "provisional combat bomb wings" had been formed in April to control the groups tactically during large missions. This was mainly done to reduce the overall weight of the aircraft. In reality, due to many delays, lack of unity in German aviation circles, and problems with its design and production, the Me 163 never managed to fulfill the role that its designer had intended for it. August 1943 mittags mit 146 B-17-Bombern. Trotz der Einstufung als kriegswichtiger Betrieb waren die Messerschmitt-Werke mit gemeinsamer Konzernfhrung in privatem Besitz, was eine Ausnahme in der nationalsozialistischen Kriegswirtschaftspolitik darstellte. [acesflyinghigh.wordpress.com]Close-up view of the Me 163 cockpit and instruments. Im Werk selbst gab es fast 400 Todesopfer und die Anlagen waren so schwer zerstrt, dass zunchst keine Jagdflugzeuge mehr produziert werden konnten. Fifteen minutes after leaving the target each task force circled over the town of Meiningen to reassemble its formations, then continued west toward Brussels. To avoid concentrating the production in one location, given the Allied bombing campaign, Junkers dispersed it across numerous smaller companies. Aftermath: The combined Schweinfurt-Regensburg Raid cost the USAAF 60 B-17s and 55 aircrews. However, major quality problems were encountered at the start. Even so, two damaged B-17s turned away from the Regensburg task force and landed in neutral Switzerland, where their crews were interned and the bombers confiscated. More test flights were carried out until mid-March 1944 when they had to be temporarily stopped. by phylo_roadking 30 Apr 2009, 23:58, Post Location: Vermilion County Airport - KDNV, USA - Illinois; . Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 2. In all the 1st Wing was delayed more than three hours behind the 4th Wing. The Me 163 was armed initially with two MG 151 and later with MK 108 cannons which were placed in the wing roots. Because of this the Germans simply had to reduce the number of aircraft that they used for combat, as there wasnt enough fuel for all of them. Five miles from Schweinfurt, German anti-aircraft guns began firing an effective flak barrage into the path of the bomber force. It was intended to supplement the training of pilots for 1./J.G. For this reason, Brandis would become the main key point for the Me 163 combat operations. In November 1944 a Me 163 engaged a British Mosquito, damaging it and forcing its crew to abandon the aircraft. Glad you like it and thanks for the comment! In the Flossenbuerg factory of the DEST the Messerschmitt Company produced parts for the ME 109 fighter plane. The wings were quite simple in design, consisting of two spars covered in 8 mm thick fabric. VerticalScope Inc., 111 Peter Street, Suite 600, Toronto, Ontario, M5V 2H1, Canada. As it was overburdened with other projects, it would then be allocated to a much smaller Klemm factory where less than 60 aircraft were built in total. Die SS erhielt dafr allein im Dezember 1944 mehr als eine halbe Million Reichsmark. The BV1 prototype would be, from this point on, mainly used as a training glider aircraft. This, in theory, would increase the overall production and avoid potentially being targeted by Allied bombers. Given its phenomenal speed during dive attack at the enemy formation, the Me 163 was essentially immune to enemy fighter cover and was unable to do much against it. [1][2][4] Three P-47 Thunderbolts of the 56th Fighter Group and two RAF Spitfires were shot down attempting to protect the Schweinfurt force. Individuals are permitted to take their own photographs or videos while touring the museum. [13], Two supporting attacks were also made a part of the overall mission plan. The 1st Bomb Wing was over German-occupied territory for three hours and thirty minutes, of which two hours and ten minutes, including all of the time spent over Germany itself, saw no fighter support whatsoever. Before each flight, the fuel tanks had to be thoroughly washed with water. The initial armament consisted of two 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons, which were positioned in the wing roots. In order to provide the necessary power, the Germans simply added a small windmill generator which was placed on the nose of the fuselage. The Messerschmitt KR200, or Kabinenroller (Cabin Scooter), is a three-wheeled bubble car designed by the aircraft engineer Fritz Fend and produced in the factory of the German aircraft manufacturer Messerschmitt from 1955 until 1964. Milch was upset by the lack of response from Messerschmitt and this led to a lifelong hatred towards him. Diese GmbH unterstand der SS und hatte deshalb die Mglichkeit, die Montage von Flugzeugen gegen Bezahlung in Konzentrationslagern durchzufhren. Durch den Kriegseintritt der USA im Dezember 1941 nderte sich in den Folgejahren die strategische Lage aber drastisch. [militaryimages.net]Following the successful testing of the previous Me 163A series, the Germans began developing a new improved version that was intended for operational use. In November and later in December, two aircraft were lost in accidents with the loss of life of both pilots. The first true test of the concept was in the Bf 108 Taifun sports aircraft, which would soon be setting all sorts of records. (About a gazillion books on the aircraft themselves, it was and is a popular modeling subject!). German engineer, plane manufacturer, in his factory of Bamberg , 1942. 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